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Created with Fabric.js 1.4.5 Harlem Renaissance. Zora Neale Hurston, 1935 The Harlem Renaissance was a literary movement in the 1920s that centered on Harlem and was an early manifestation of black consciousness in theUS The movement included writers such as Langston Hughes and Zora Neale Hurston. Langston Hughes With racism still rampant and economic opportunities scarce, creative expression was one of the few avenues available to African Americans in the early twentieth century. Chiefly literary—the birth of jazz isgenerally considered a separate movement—the Harlem Renaissance,according to Locke, transformed "social disillusionment to race pride The orig. manuscript of Hughes's Ballad of Booker T. The white literary establishment soon became fascinated with the writers of the Harlem Renaissance and began publishing them in larger numbers. But for the writers themselves, acceptance by the white world was less important as Langston Hughes put it, than the "expression of our individual dark-skinned selves." Black-owned magazines and newspapers flourished, freeing African Americans from the constricting influences of mainstream white society. Charles S. Johnson's Opportunity magazine became the leading voice of black culture, and W.E.B. DuBois's journal, The Crisis, with Jessie Redmon Fauset as its literary editor, launched the literary careers of such writers as Arna Bontemps, Langston Hughes, and Countee Cullen.
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