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Created with Fabric.js 1.4.5 The Human Eye Anatomy of the Human Eye The human eyes are an amazing phenomenon. They allow us, human to see everything in the world around us. They can measure distance, depth and follow movement. Yet at the same time our eyes are easily fooled by optical illusions. So, how do our mysterious eyes work? Aqueous Humor:Contains clear, watery fluid that helps bring nutrients to the eye. Cornea:Cornea is the eyes outer layer. It is translucent allowing light to pass through easily. Light passes through the cornea and the cornea refracts the incoming light rays on to the Lens. Pupil:Light from the cornea passes through the pupils before reaching the lens.The pupil dilates in low visibility situations to allow more light rays in the eyes for better vision. In bright light the pupils constrict to decrease the amount of incoming light rays to prevent damage to the eyes. Ciliary Muscles (Eye Muscles):Ciliary muscles are muscles that surround the lens allowing the lens to contract (become rounded) and stretch (become flat). Vitreous Humor:Filled with gel-like fluid. Retina:Retina lines the inside of the eye. 60% of the eye is the retina. It contains photoreceptor neurons (light sensitive neurons) called rods and cones. The retina contains 126 million rods, which allow visibility at night, and detect movements. There are 6 million cones that allow acute vision and colour. The retina converts light into electrical impulses that are sent to the brain. Optic Nerve:The optic nerve sends the electrical impulses made by the retina to the brain. Did You Know? Iris:Is a ring of coloured tissue around the pupil. The iris controls the pupils size, allowing it to dilate and constrict. Object Image Light rays enter our eyes and then our eyes create an inverted image! 1. Light rays from an object enter our eyes 2. The lens in our eyes refract the incidence rays from the object, so that rays coming from the top of the object hits the bottom of our retina. The rays coming from the bottom of the object hit the top of our retina. Therefore, the image is inverted. 3. Our brains then flip the image upright, so that we see everything properly orientated. Fun Facts The average blink last about 1/10 of secondEyes provide about 80%of the information going to the brainYour eyes are not perfect spheres, they are slightly flat in the front and behind Glossary Cornea: Cornea is the translucent, outer layer of the eye.Aqueous Humor: A chamber behind the cornea containing clear, watery fluid that helps bring nutrients to the eyesIris: Is a ring of coloured tissue around the pupilPupil: Hole in the centre of iris that allows light throughLens: The lens are a transparent, flexible tissue that helps focus light onto the retinaCiliary Muscles (Eye Muscles): Ciliary muscles are muscles the surround the lensVitreous Humor: Chamber within the eye filled with gel-like fluidRetina: Light sensitive tissue with photoreceptor neuronsPhotoreceptor neurons: These neurons are called rods and cones. Rods allow vision in the dark and detect movement, and cones allow acute sight and colourOptic Nerve:The optic nerve sends the electrical impulses made by the retina to the brain
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