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Created with Fabric.js 1.4.5 Ernest Rutherford Websites used: https://thescienceclassroom.wikispaces.com/Ernest+Rutherfordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1911_in_the_United_States President: William Howard Taft Along with Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden in 1909, he carried out the GeigerMarsden experiment, which demonstrated the nuclear nature ofPerhaps the most crucial experiment of Rutherford was his gold foil experiment he did while he was at McGill University. In his experiment, he shot a beam of alpha particles at a thin sheet of gold. His expectations were that they would all pass through. His results, however, were truly surprising. He once stated that "if one had fired a large naval shell at a piece of tissue paper and it had bounced back." For his experiment, he had a alpha particle emitter aimed at a sheet of thin gold. Around it he placed a sheet coated with zinc sulfide to detect where the alpha particle traveled after colliding with the sheet of gold. Most alpha particle passed through. However, some were deflected at at a wide angle but the most puzzling was that a few deflected directly in the opposite direction of travel after colliding with the sheet of gold. Based on the results, he concluded that the vast majority of an atom's mass were concentrated in the center, or nucleus. His conclusion derived from his test that showed approximately 1 in 8000 alpha particle was deflected while the rest passed through completely. From that he also stated that most of atom was empty space. His results disproved Thomson's "plum pudding" theory which stated that the mass of an atom was spread throughout. If Thomson's model is correct then there would be little to nothing to deflect the alpha particle back because all the mass is spread out. The only way the alpha particle could be deflected was that if it struck something very dense and or hard like the nucleus. This lead him to develop his own theory which is still accepted today. He was the first to describe the atom as having a dense nucleus with protons and a relatively loose surrounding where the electrons orbit around the nucleus. Perhaps the most crucial experiment of Rutherford was his gold foil experiment he did while he was at McGill University in 1911. In his experiment, he shot a beam of alpha particles at a thin sheet of gold. His expectations were that they would all pass through. His results, however, were truly surprising. He once stated that "if one had fired a large naval shell at a piece of tissue paper and it had bounced back." For his experiment, he had a alpha particle emitter aimed at a sheet of thin gold. Around it he placed a sheet coated with zinc sulfide to detect where the alpha particle traveled after colliding with the sheet of gold. Most alpha particle passed through. However, some were deflected at at a wide angle but the most puzzling was that a few deflected directly in the opposite direction of travel after colliding with the sheet of gold. Based on the results, he concluded that the vast majority of an atom's mass were concentrated in the center, or nucleus. His conclusion derived from his test that showed approximately 1 in 8000 alpha particle was deflected while the rest passed through completely. From that he also stated that most of atom was empty space. His results disproved Thomson's "plum pudding" theory which stated that the mass of an atom was spread throughout. If Thomson's model is correct then there would be little to nothing to deflect the alpha particle back because all the mass is spread out. The only way the alpha particle could be deflected was that if it struck something very dense and or hard like the nucleus. This lead him to develop his own theory which is still accepted today. He was the first to describe the atom as having a dense nucleus with protons and a relatively loose surrounding where the electrons orbit around the nucleus. Ernest Rutherford Historical events in 1911:- January 30 The destroyer USS Terry makes the first airplane rescue at sea, saving the life of John McCurdy 10 miles from Havana, Cuba.- March 25 The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire in New York City kills 146.- April 30 Sparks from a burning hayshed ignite the Great Fire of 1911, destroying much of downtown Bangor, Maine.- October 24 Orville Wright remains in the air 9 minutes and 45 seconds in a glider at Kill Devil Hills, North Carolina, setting a new world record that stands for 10 years.- November 3 Chevrolet officially enters the automobile market to compete with the Ford Model T. Gold Foil Experiment
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