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Created with Fabric.js 1.4.5 Section 17.1 and 17.2 After World War 2, the Soviet Union and other Allies became enemies. They had fought the Axis together. The Yalta Conference between Stalin, Churchill, and Roosevelt created a postwar plan. The United Nations was formed and created a general assembly. The security council had 5 permanent members which were China, Great Britain, France, the Soviet Union, and the United States. Political and economic differences put strain on the relationship on the U.S. and the Soviet Union. Double click to change text In order to prevent another invasion, the Soviets occupied Eastern European countries. They installed communist governments.Truman wanted elections. Truman, Stalin, and Churchill met at Potsdam, Germany. An "Iron Curtain" separated Berlin. East Germany became the German Democractic Republic while West Germany became the Federal Republic of Germany. The U.S. adopted containment to combat communism. Truman Doctrin offered help to any country that disliked communism. Greece and Turkey were helped.The Marshall plan gave aid to Europe, even to Yugoslavia. It was approved after communists seized power in Czechoslovakia. The Berlin Airlift occured when the Soviets held West Berlin under a blockade. The disagreements between the U.S. and the Soviet Union erupted into the Cold War. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was formed by Canada and the U.S. The Soviets responded by creating the Warsaw Pact which contained East Germany, the Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, and Albania. The Berlin Wall was created in 1961. Nuclear war was a constant threat. The hydrogen bomb was more powerful than the atomic bomb. Brinkmanship was used. ICBMs pushed satelliates into space. The Chinese Civil War was between the Communists lead by Mao Zedong and the Nationalist lead by Jiang Jieshi. Mao's Red Army won and proclaimed China the People's Republic of China. The Nationalist fled to Taiwan (Formosa). The Soviets gave financial, military, and technical aid to Communist China. China expanded and invaded Tibet, India, and Inner Mongolia. The Dalai Lama was exiled. China's government and economy was shaped based on Marxist Socialism. The Agrarian Reform Act redistributed farmland into communes. The Great Leap Forward by Mao failed. The Cultural Revolution occured under direction of Mao. Red Guards were made up of students who valued the peasant. Intellectuals and artistic activity was considered bad. Schools and Colleges were shut down. Zhou Enlai restored order.
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