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Created with Fabric.js 1.4.5 SURVIVING THE HOLOCAUST Iby was raised in the capitalof Czechoslovakia, Bratislava, in a Jewish family. To avoid capture by the Germans, she hid at a cousin's house in Hungary. Her cousin introducedher to a Hungarian resistance fighter, who she worked with along with his wife.They helped Allied airmen escape. They were caught and she was subject to torture for 3 months. When she was released on parole, she was caught visiting Jewish friends. She was sent to Auschwitz, a death camp. After 6 weekson starvation rations and cramped livingconditions, she volunteered to work as a nurse at a local armaments factory. She sabotaged the work she was doing to help the Allied effort. They were liberated on Easter Sunday, 1945, whilethe factory was being evacuated.Iby moved to England and married her husband Bert Knill, a British Military officer. She had a successful career in education then in design. She now actively works to warn people about the dangers of discrimination. Val was born in Kaunas, a town in the country of Lithuania, sandwiched in between the Germansand the Russians.His Jewish family was declared a capitalist enemy for owning land when the Soviet army marched into Lithuania. A week before they were scheduled to be shipped to a prison camp in Siberia, the Germans attacked. The family stayed and were put in concentration camps, where mass murders andstarvation killed all of the 14 family members but Val,in college at the time. After the war and after hospitalization for PTS,Val married his wife, and fellow Holocaust survivor,Ibi Ginsburg.As a result of the horrors they shared, their marriage has stayed strong for over 60 years. They worked together to inform young people of their experienceand the dangers of prejudice. Margaret Kagan grew up in Kaunas, Lithuania. When the Germans invaded in 1941, her family stayed behind because they didn't want to leave Margaret's little brother Alik, who was atchildren's holiday camp. They were forced into ghettos and hard labor. Then Margaret met Joseph Kagan and her life changed. Joseph was convinced theGermans were going to kill them all.Margaret and Joseph married and escapedalong with Joseph's mother to a factory attic where they hid for over a year. When they emerged from hiding, Margaret found out her mother had committed suicide and her father was killed in a prison. She found Alik, who had been hid with another family before they left.They emigrated to England where Josephlaunched a extremely successful textilecompany and after becoming a multi-millionare was knighted for servicesto industry. IBY KNILL VAL GINSBURG MARGARET KAGAN "What doesn't kill me makesme stronger."- Friedrich Nietzsche ANALYSISWhen you look at these stories, you find severalsimilarities. They all prove the theme of "Hardship influences personal change" . First of all, Iby after three monthsof torture, was hardened against the Nazis and theirsoldiers to risk sabotaging their work. She wasn't broken in those months of torture, she was hardened against hercaptors. Another similarity is that both Iby Knill and Joseph Kaganhad successful careers after the war. This might bethat their hardship, their captivity, forced them to adaptto survive, to think on the spot, to change and to become ruthless and cunning, valuable skills in both the ghettos and business. CCSS PROJECTBY VICTOR XIA
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