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Created with Fabric.js 1.4.5 Chapter 23 Section 2 With control of the seas, the British Royal Navy was able to blockade German ports—that is, it was able to patrol the coasts and keep Germany from receiving supplies. By 1916, the blockade had caused shortages of food and other goods in Germany. The shortages caused unrest throughout the country. War at Sea On May 7, 1915, a German U-boat torpedoed the British passenger liner Lusitania off the coast of Ireland. The attack killed 1,201 passengers, including 128 Americans. The sinking of the Lusitania led U.S. President Woodrow Wilson to urge Germany to give up unrestricted submarine warfare. In September, Germany agreed not to attack neutral or passenger ships. The use of Propaganda Both sides used propaganda to gain support in their war efforts. Allied Propaganda called attention to the German invasion of the neutral country, Belgium, and included horror stories of German atrocities. It gave the Germans names such as “Huns” and “Barberians’’. America Enters The War The U.S. Army soldiers who were sent to Europe made up the American Expeditionary Forces ( A.E.F.). Commanded by General John J. Pershing, the troops began arriving in France in July 1917.The A.E.F. entered combat on the Western Front in October. By July 1918, there were more than 1 million U.S. troops in Europe. In the end, about 2 million American soldiers reached the continent. The Allies planned to remain on the defensive until significant numbers of U.S. troops could reach the Western Front. They wanted the Americans to serve as replacements and to fill out the battered Allied ranks. However, Pershing wanted the A.E.F. to remain independent, largely for political reasons. He also believed his troops would be weakened if they were dispersed among the European forces. The argument was the major wartime dispute between the Europeans and their American ally. Pershing held firm, though at times he lent troops to France and the United Kingdom. Austin Parker Period 1 double click to change this title text!
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