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Created with Fabric.js 1.4.5 Vaccination Bacillus anthracis ANTHRAX What is Anthrax? Anthrax is a bacterial infection that infects through spores. Spores are resistant forms of bacteria used to withstand unfavorable conditions. When the body is infected with thesespores Anthrax is contracted. Transmission/Causes Disease is contracteddue to spore exposure from either soil or animals in one of four ways:Inhalation, ingestion,cut skin, and injection Occurrence Anthrax has become a very rare disease in the United States; the last great occurrence happened in 2001 as an agent of bioterrorism. As of late, cases have been few and sporadic in occurrence. Clinical Manifestations/Diagnosis Manifestations:Cutaneous, inhalation, ingestion, and injectionDiagnosis:Blood culture, skin biopsy, chest x-ray, and sputum culture; samples are microscopicallyexamined to identify Anthrax bacteriaSigns and Symptoms:Fever/chills, chest pain, SOB, dizziness, coughingnausea/vomiting, headache, sweating and fatigue Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed (BioThrax) was developed by the Emergent Bio-Defense Corporation in the 1950s. This subunit vaccine is created by manufacturing antigen molecules from Anthrax using recombinant DNA technology. The adjuvantused to enhance the vaccine's effectiveness is Aluminum Hydroxide; this vaccinerequires boosters and, in the case of the United States, is only administered to military personnel and select citizens of the general public, such as those workingdirectly with Anthrax in a laboratory.
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