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Created with Fabric.js 1.4.5 Symptoms of acute toxicity Treatment Rapid HeartRate Loss of MuscleCoordinationand Muscle Ridgity Serotonin Toxicity Headache and Shivering Benzodiazepines,muscle relaxants, control agitation,seizures, muscle stiffness Serotonin-production blocking agents, such ascyproheptadine Intravenous fluidsand supplementaloxygen to combatdehydration and hypoxemia. Cause of Neurotoxicity (2 Possibilities) Many Serotonin Releasers are substituted amphetamines, many of which metabolized into α-Me-DA, a potent neurotoxin α-Me-DA functions by causing oxidative stress in neurons α-Me-DA also reduces overall serotonin in the brain inducing the same symptoms as below The flooding of the brain with serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine causes a lasting reduction in SERT markers as well as long term memory impairment The exact mechanism is not known, however it involves the simultaneous release of dopamine and serotonin, since MDAI (a drug that only releases serotonin) doesn't cause neurotoxicity Reduction of SERT markers (low levelsof serotonin) is associated with aggressive behavior, suicide by violent means, and depressive symptoms MDMA Methylone Agitation and Restlessness Heavy Sweating Methamphetamine Tianeptine (Tricyclic antidepressant) Both types of neurotoxicity are compounded by an increase in ambient temperature Hallucinations Drugs that may cause Serotonin Syndrome Citalopram (SSRI) Inhibition of Serotonin Reuptake (SSRI, Tricyclics, etc.) Inhibition of Serotonin Metabolism by MAO(MAOI: beta-carbolines, etc.) Stimulation ofSerotonin Receptors(LSD, lithium, triptans, etc.) Increased Serotonin Production (L-tryptophan) IncreasedSerotonin Release (MDMA, DXM, etc.) Dextromethorphan alpha-methyl-Dopamine Eletriptan(Triptan)
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